Limitations on liability
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Limitations on liability Start Comparison
What is the common cap amount (as a percentage of purchase price)?

Frequency/market practice: It is commonly 100% for the title to the shares and key warranties and/or specific indemnities (e.g., capacity or solvency).

The cap for non-key warranties is usually within the range of 10-30% of the purchase price.

Does the cap (and other liability limitations) apply to the whole agreement or just warranties (or particular terms)?

Frequency/market practice: They usually apply to warranties and damages claims (with respect to the scope of damage and its kind).

What are the common exceptions to the cap?

Frequency/market practice: Key warranties are often excepted or limited with a higher cap. Specific indemnities are usually limited to 100% of the price or estimated amount of claim. The parties may not limit liability for fraud (willful misconduct) due to statutory limitations.

Is a deductible or basket common?

Frequency/market practice: Both are fairly common. Deductible is more often resisted and a tipping basket is more common.

Is a de minimis common?

Frequency/market practice: Fairly common.

How long does seller liability survive?

Frequency/market practice: Operational warranties: 12-24 months; key warranties: 5-10 years (e.g., title and capacity, etc.); tax: 6-7 years (statute of limitations period). The parties may not limit liability for fraud (willful misconduct) due to statutory limitations.

Are there any common carve-outs from limitation on seller liability (e.g., fraud, tax, key warranties)?

Frequency/market practice: Tax: 6-7 years (statute of limitations period); title warranties: sometimes not limited in time. The parties may not limit liability for fraud (willful misconduct) due to statutory limitations.

Is warranty insurance common?

Frequency/market practice: Fairly common.