There is no legal definition of domestic violence. The proposed definition in the Draft Law is as follows: intentional action doing physical or psychological harm, and/or property damages, or the threat of such action, provided that such action or threat does not qualify as a crime or administrative offense.

As a matter of Draft Law development, the term was discussed regarding whether to specify the separation of a parent from a child committed by the other parent as an act of domestic violence.

Article 2 of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Family and Household Violence in the Russian Federation" is relevant in this regard.

There is no legal definition of stalking. Depending on the circumstances, there might be a possibility to prosecute stalking as the threat of murder, insult, defamation or a breach of privacy.

There is no legal definition of harassment.

As a matter of Draft Law development, there are suggestions to introduce this term to be defined as "repeated threatening actions aimed at the victim contrary to his/her volition, such as seeking the victim, talking to him/her directly or via telephone, contacting him/her indirectly, visiting the victim's workplace or educational institution or the place or residence, if the victim does not reside together with the abuser."

There is no specific legal definition of a victim of domestic violence. 

Pursuant to the Draft Law, the "persons affected by domestic violence" are as follows:

• spouses
• former spouses
• persons having a common child or common children
• close relatives
• persons bound by kinship (connected via the marriage of their relatives) residing together or having common household
• persons who have suffered or may suffer physically or psychologically, or who have borne or may bear property damages as a result of domestic violence

Article 2 of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Family and Household Violence in the Russian Federation" is relevant in this regard.

There is no specific legal definition for an abuser who commits domestic violence.

Pursuant to the Draft Law, an abuser is defined as a person above 18 years old who has committed or who is committing an act of domestic violence.

Article 2 of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Family and Household Violence in the Russian Federation" is relevant in this regard.

Russian law does not provide for civil protection orders as a means of preventing domestic violence.

Pursuant to the Draft Law, the following definitions apply:

• A protection order means a document formalized by an internal affairs official, to determine protective measures for domestic violence victims.
• A court protection order means a judicial act to determine protective measures for domestic violence victims.

Article 2 of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Family and Household Violence in the Russian Federation" is relevant in this regard.

There is no specific legal definition of the causes of action in terms of domestic violence.

There is no legal definition of marital rape under Russian law. In practice, there is no well-established understanding of marital rape as a crime.

No.