The following relevant laws and codes exist in Russia:
- Draft Law "On the Prevention of Family and Household Violence in the Russian Federation" (as published by the Federation Council on 29 November 2019)
- Draft Law "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Adoption of the Federal Law "On the Prevention of Family and Household Violence in the Russian Federation"" (collectively, "Draft Law")
- Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation No. 174-FZ of 18 December 2001 ("Criminal Procedure Code")
- Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation No. 138-FZ of 14 November 2002 ("Civil Procedure Code")
- Criminal Code of the Russian Federation No. 63-FZ of 13 June 1996 ("Criminal Code")
- Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation No. 195-FZ of 30 December 2001 ("Code of Administrative Offenses")
- Federal Law No. 324-FZ of 21 November 2011 "On Free Legal Aid in the Russian Federation"
- Federal Law No. 63-FZ of 31 May 2002 "On Advocacy and the Bar in the Russian Federation"
Russian law does not provide a specific part of the court system to address domestic violence. Consideration of cases related to domestic violence is carried out by courts of general jurisdiction.
Here we provide the system of the courts of general jurisdiction:
- magistrates' courts
- district courts
- courts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
- Supreme Court
The most common domestic violence offense "battery" (see Section 5.5) is carried out by the magistrates' courts as an administrative offense.
The following legislation is relevant in this regard:
- Federal Constitutional Law of 31 December 1996 No. 1-FKZ "On the Judicial System of the Russian Federation"
- Chapter 23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses
Any physical, psychological or economic harm can cause an action in court. Under Russian law, a person whose rights were violated can file an application to a court or ask police officials to commence an administrative or criminal case. In domestic violence cases, generally, any physical, psychological or economic harm is a potential cause of action.
The following legislation is relevant in this regard:
- Civil Procedure Code
- Criminal Procedure Code