Planning
Is the national or local/state government able to mandate green initiatives via the planning/zoning regime (e.g., district heating systems on large developments)?

At a national level, through Legislative Decree No. 199/2021, it is mandatory to use a fixed quota of renewable energy for heating, air-conditioning and hot water production to obtain the building permit for the construction of new buildings or for material restructuring of existing buildings.

Requests for permits made before June 2022 must show that 50% of the building’s energy consumption is from renewable sources. Beyond this date, the requirement has been increased to 60%. For public buildings, the percentages have been increased by 5%.

Regional legislation may also further increase the required percentages.

The above-mentioned obligation does not apply in the case of buildings connected to district heating that accounts for energy consumption for heating and hot water.

Finally, in drafting new land planning instruments, municipalities must evaluate the feasibility of including district heating facilities.