A National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) was published in 2017, setting out various initiatives to improve national energy efficiency. The plan identifies 22 initiatives across all sectors to achieve a national target of 6%. The target is set as a reduction of energy consumption in the year 2025, expressed as a percentage of the average final energy consumption during the baseline period (2009 – 2013). The plan represents the implementation of Bahrain's regional and international commitments under the Paris Agreement, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the League of Arab States' Guidelines on Energy Efficiency.

In relation to long-term targets, in late 2023, Bahrain unveiled its National Energy Strategy: a clear, credible and responsible pathway to reaching the climate targets that Bahrain pledged to achieve at COP26, namely a 30% reduction in emissions by 2035 on the road to net-zero emissions by 2060. The strategy is rooted in the twin objectives of decarbonizing Bahrain's economy while ensuring reliable and affordable access to the energy Bahrain needs to sustain and, indeed, accelerate its growth.