Green Certification
Is there a nationally adopted and recognized form of certification for buildings? What is it and is it mandatory for all new buildings and refurbished buildings?

In Australia, there are two main green rating tools with respect to commercial buildings: (i) Green Star and (ii) the National Australian Built Environment Rating System (NABERS).

Green Star is a voluntary system, managed by the Green Building Council of Australia, whose main rating tool evaluates the environmental/ecological design and construction of new buildings and refurbishments. To obtain a "green star rating," projects must meet the eligibility criteria, 10 minimum expectations, the Climate Positive Pathway (essential for five- and six-star ratings and optional for four-star ratings until 2026) and obtain credits in nine categories. These categories are as follows: (i) management; (ii) indoor environment quality; (iii) water; (iv) transport; (v) materials; (vi) land use and ecology; (vii) innovation; (viii) emission; and (ix) energy.

NABERS provides performance ratings for existing buildings against industry benchmarks for similar buildings over a 12-month period, providing quantifiable and comparable data across the market. Ratings are available for carbon neutrality (NABERS Carbon Neutral), energy consumption (NABERS Energy), air quality (NABERS Indoor Environment), on-site renewable energy generation and off-site renewable energy generation (NABERS Renewable Energy Indicator), waste generation, recycling, recovery and supply chain management (NABERS Waste), and water consumption and recycling (NABERS Waste). Ratings are available across various asset classes, including office buildings, office tenancy, hotels, shopping centers, data centers, hospitals, schools, warehouses and cold stores, and residential aged care and retirement living.

Under the NABERS Energy rating system, whole buildings, base buildings and tenancies can receive a "NABERS Star Rating" ranging from one ("making a start") to five ("market-leading"). It is compulsory to obtain a NABERS Energy rating when selling or leasing an office building larger than 1,000 square meters and new buildings over 1,000 square meters.