The Ministry of Public Security (MPS) is responsible for approving the entry visas of most foreign nationals who would like to enter Vietnam. Applications by other individuals, such as state officials and foreign representatives or diplomats, are addressed to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA).

Most foreign nationals who would like to work in Vietnam must obtain a work permit or certificate of work permit exemption.

In general, the Provincial-Level Department of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs (DOLISA) has the authority to grant work permits or certificates of work permit exemption to foreign nationals.

In addition to the DOLISA, the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) has the authority to issue and revoke work permits or certificates of work permit exemption, mainly for foreign nationals who come to Vietnam to work for state authorities, NGOs, international organizations, business associations or regulated businesses in which the sponsoring entity's operating license is granted by a ministry-level agency (such as the banking and insurance sectors).