Planning and Environmental Issues
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Planning and Environmental Issues Start Comparison
Who has authority over land development and environmental regulation?

Property development is regulated primarily at the municipal level. Municipalities typically control land use and the density of the development through official plans and zoning by-laws. The ability of an owner to subdivide property is restricted and regulated in municipal zoning regulations.

Any kind of construction activity is subject to national and municipal legislation. Building codes set specific standards for the construction of buildings, and a building permit must be obtained from the local municipality before the commencement of the construction. National regulation stipulates that the administrative recommendation of the Government Office of Hajdú-Bihar County (as the authority designated for that purpose) is required for construction and reconstruction of shopping centers with more than 400 square meters of gross floor space, and for enlargement of shopping spaces up to 400 square meters.

What environmental laws affect the use and occupation of real estate?

An environmental permit must be obtained for industrial properties and for certain types of retail properties before commencing any industrial or retail activity on the property. An environment impact study must be prepared as part of the process of obtaining the environmental permit, and both locals and NGOs may express views and concerns in connection with the planned development.

What main permits or licenses are required for building or occupying real estate?

Generally, a building permit is required for construction or reconstruction and an occupancy permit is required before occupying the building.

Can an environmental cleanup be required?

Generally, an environmental cleanup may be required where authorities seek to reduce or mitigate potential dangers to human health. It is important to note that in the case of greenfield development, developers may be required to carry out an archaeological excavation before construction.

Are there minimum energy performance requirements for buildings?

Currently there are no such requirements. In most real estate transactions, an energy certificate is required.

Are there other regulatory measures that aim to improve the sustainability of newly constructed and existing buildings?

Green building requirements will be applicable for newly built residential properties in the near future. In respect of commercial properties, several energy efficiency requirements must be fulfilled as conditions precedent to the issuance of the occupancy permit. An energy efficiency certificate indicating the energy properties of the building must also be issued.